28^th World Congress on Cardiology and Heart Diseases November 05-06, 2018
Hyatt Place Airport Hotel - Amsterdam, Netherlands

Heart Failure is generally referred as Congestive heart failure (CHF). Heart Failure occurs when heart is unable to pump the blood which results lack of blood flow to meet the body’s need

Heart Failure can be prevented by reducing the risk factors. For example, by making lifestyle changes along with the help of any needed medications we can also eliminate or control many of the risk factors for heart disease like high blood pressure and coronary artery disease

Valvular heart disease is any disease process involving all the four valves of heart. These conditions occurs on aging. However it may also result for congenital heart defects & also include rheumatic heart disease

Depending upon the type and severity of valvular disease, the heart dysfuction or Valve failure can result in diminished heart functionality. Anatomically the valves are responsible for the regulation of blood flow through the heart and great vessels, as they are part of the dense connective tissue of the heart known as the cardiac skeleton. Treatment of damaged valves may involve medication alone, but often involves surgical valve repair (valvuloplasty) or replacement (insertion of an artificial heart valve).

Congenital heart defect (CHD) is generally called as congenital heart anomaly or congenital heart disease; it is caused due to problem in the structure or abnormal structure of the Heart at the time of birth. The symptoms are unrecognized until later in life. However the main cause is unknown. It is assumed as certain reasons may be due to infectious disease such as Rubella during pregnancy, use of alcohol or tobacco, Poor nutrition or obesity in the mother. Parent with Congenital heart disease may also be considered as a risk factor.

There are many conditions associated with heart defects including Turner syndrome, Down syndrome, Marfan syndrome. Congenital heart defect are categorized as cyanotic heart defects & non-cyanotic heart defects, depending on the condition whether the child has the potential to turn bluish in colour.

Congenital heart defect may also affect interior walls of the heart, the blood vessels, heart valves, that may lead to heart

Pediatric Cardiology deals with various heart diseases in children, infants, new born. Atherosclerosis is major cause for Pediatric cardiovascular sickness. Pediatric pericarditis is an irritation of pericardium, the sac that encompasses the heart

Neuro-Cardiology denotes to physiologic, neuroanatomical and pathophysiological interactions of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. The effects of stress on the heart are studied in terms of the heart's interactions with both the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. 

Cardiac oncology is also called as Cardiovascular oncology is a field of medicine by where molecular & clinical alterations in cardiovascular system during the treatment of cancer due to chemo & target therapy

Cardiomyopathy is described as a group of diseases that affect the heart muscle. Cardiomyopathy is categorized as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated Cardiomyopathy, takotsubo Cardiomyopathy & restrictive Cardiomyopathy.

In dilated Cardiomyopathy the ventricles enlarges & weakens, in restrictive Cardiomyopathy the ventricles stiffens, in hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy heart muscles enlarges or thickens

Hypertension is forced exerted by the blood against walls of the blood vessels. The pressure depends on the work being done by heart & resistance of the blood vessels. Pulmonary hypertension is stated as a condition where the blood pressure is increased within arteries of the lungs.  The manifestations include Syncope, shortness of breath, chest pain, swelling of legs, fast heart beat. However the cause is unknown.

Thromboembolism is generally obstruction or blockage of blood vessels by a blood clot that dislodged from its origin site elsewhere within the cardiovascular system

Diabetes mellitus (DM), is generally a group of metabolic disorders where the blood sugar level rises for a prolonged period of time. The manifestations of high blood sugar include frequent urination, increased thirst & weight gain. If left untreated, diabetes can cause serious issues.

Acute complications include hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, ketoacidosis or death. When diabetes left untreated can cause Stroke, cardiovascular diseases, foot ulcers, damage to the eyes

Interventional cardiology involves catheter based treatment for heart diseases.
Interventional cardiology is a non-surgical option which uses a catheter – a small, flexible tube – to repair damaged or weakened vessels, narrowed arteries, or other affected parts of the heart structure.
Interventional cardiology is generally preferred because it avoids the scars & pain & long post-operative recovery.

Heart attack in women is common heart disease & the symptoms are usually includes pain, pressure or discomfort in the chest. However it is not always severe or even the most prominent symptoms. Women may even have heart attack without chest pain. Women are more prone to heart attack when compared to men & more likely to have symptoms unrelated to chest pain

Geriatric Cardiology is the branch of cardiology that studies the cardiovascular disorders in old people & it is also called as Cardiogeriatrics. Usually elderly people are effected with cardiac disorders such as myocardial infraction, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, arrhythmias, coronary heart diseases & other vascular disorders like atherosclerosis which leads to significant morbidity & mortality in elderly people

Cardiovascular Pharmacology deals with the study of drug action which exerts a biochemical or physiological effect on the tissue, cell, organ or organism. The interactions affect normal or abnormal biochemical function.

Cardiovascular toxicology may be caused due to chemotherapy or due to the medication for the treatment of heart diseases. It may also be caused due to adverse effects of heavy metals intake or incorrectly administered drug like bupivacaine

Stem Cell Research an innovative therapeutic approach towards cardiology where the use of cell therapy to counteract reverse ventricular remodelling, the substrate of heart failure and arrhythmias following myocardial infarction. Advantageous cell tissue regeneration combines a complex cellular and molecular advent setting that includes stem cell grafting and differentiation, secretion of anti-inflammatory and angiogenic mediators, and proliferation of endogenous cardiac stem cells. The current therapeutic approaches involve adipose-derived stem cells, heart-derived stem cells, bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells and mesenchymal stem cells, and combinations of cells

Nuclear medicine is described as a medical speciality associated in the application of radioactive substance in diagnosis & treatment of heart diseases. Nuclear medicine is also determined as radiology done inside our body called as endoradiology where radiations emits from within the body rather than radiation is generated by external source as X-rays.

Cardiac CT Angiography(CTA) is defined as computed tomography (CT) angiography to assess the coronary arteries of the heart. It a process where intravenous injection of radio-contrast & then heart is scanned using high speed CT scanner then physicians assess occlusion in the coronary arteries to diagnose coronary artery disease

Cardiology conferences  comprises the current research in cardiology where the new innovative methods that are coming in cardiology related field. It gives a brief explanation on   Thrombolytic therapy and Cardiac rehabilitation. There are many associations and societies related to Interventional cardiology in USA. Many universities are working on Current Research in Cardiology. Hospitals and Companies around USA are associated with Cardiology

Diagnosis is a process of diagnosing of finding from a physical examination, medical history, with patient family or both. The heart can be diagnosed by various methods such as electrophysiology, angiography, radiography etc.  Medical care is necessary once the heart disease is diagnosed. Stress reduction, control in diet, lifestyle changes are can prevent heart diseases.

Some of the diagnostic tests majorly used to detect heart diseases are:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• Echocardiography
• Cardiac Computerized Tomography(CT) scan
• Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Chest X ray

Cardiac nursing is a branch of speciality that works with patients who suffer from various heart diseases & cardio vascular diseases. Cardiac nurses help to treat various conditions such as unstable angina, coronary artery disease, myocardial infraction, cardiomyopathy, cardiac dysrhythmia under the guidance of a cardiologist. They do perform post-operative care on stress test evaluations, cardiac & vascular monitoring, surgical unit.  Cardiac nurses are certified with Basic Life Support & Advanced Cardiac Life Support certification

Cardiac Surgery is usually performed on the heart or blood vessels by a cardiologist or cardiac surgeon. It is used to treat complications in heart disease like congenital heart disease, to treat valvular heart disease, coronary artery bypass grafting, rheumatic heart disease, endocarditis & atherosclerosis. Heart transplant is the major part of cardiac surgery.

Interventional cardiology involves catheter based treatment for heart diseases. Interventional cardiology techniques are generally preferred because it avoids the scars & pain & long post-operative recovery

Clinical cases in cardiology are determined as case studies in cardiovascular medicine, reporting the background of the patient. It is the useful informative part of every doctor or physician’s medical education.

The study of Cardiac diseases in animals is called as veterinary cardiology. Animals suffering from cardiac problems are treated by veterinary physician. Cardiology world 2018 offers a platform for  veterinary physicians to present their latest research work in animals